🗓️

Leave Encashment Calculator India 2025

Government & Private sector  ·  Section 10(10AA)  ·  Tax-free limit ₹25 lakh

1

Enter Your Details

Monthly Basic + DA, leave days, and employee type

Earned / Privilege Leave days

Leave Encashment Formulas — Quick Reference

Government Employees:
Per Day = (Basic + DA × 12) ÷ 300
Encashment = Per Day × Leave Days
300 = 30 days × 10 months | Fully tax-free
Private Sector:
Per Day = Monthly Salary ÷ 26
Encashment = Per Day × Leave Days
26 = working days/month | Tax-free up to ₹25L

Tax-free limit (private): ₹25,00,000 (revised April 2023)  |  Govt: unlimited tax-free  |  Max encashable: 300 days (Central Govt)  |  During service: fully taxable for all

Worked Examples

Govt Employee — 300 Days

Basic ₹60,000 + DA ₹10,000/mo, retirement with 300 days

Per Day = (70,000 × 12) ÷ 300
= ₹2,800
Encashment = 2,800 × 300
= ₹8,40,000

Fully tax-free (Govt employee)

Private — Resignation 20 Days

Monthly salary ₹50,000, resignation with 20 days EL

Per Day = 50,000 ÷ 26
= ₹1,923.08
Encashment = 1,923.08 × 20
= ₹38,461.54

Tax-free (below ₹25L limit)

Private — Retirement 120 Days

Monthly salary ₹2,00,000, retirement with 120 days EL

Per Day = 2,00,000 ÷ 26
= ₹7,692.31
Encashment = 7,692.31 × 120
= ₹9,23,076.92

Tax-free (below ₹25L limit)

Understanding Leave Encashment in India

Leave encashment — also referred to as leave salary — is a cash payment made by an employer to an employee in lieu of unutilised earned leave or privilege leave. It is one of the most commonly misunderstood payroll benefits in India, primarily because the tax treatment differs significantly based on the employee's sector, the reason for encashment, and the timing of the payment.

What is Section 10(10AA)?

Section 10(10AA) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 governs the tax exemption on leave encashment. It provides full exemption for government employees and a ceiling-based exemption for private sector employees. The section applies to leave encashment received at the time of retirement, superannuation, or on leaving employment — not for encashment during active service.

Leave Encashment Formula — Government vs Private

The per-day salary formula differs between sectors:

  • Government employees: Per Day Salary = (Annual Basic + DA) ÷ 300. The 300 is derived from 30 days × 10 months, consistent with the leave rules applicable to Central Government employees.
  • Private sector employees: Per Day Salary = Monthly Salary ÷ 26, where 26 represents the average number of working days in a month.

The Leave Encashment Amount = Per Day Salary × Number of Leave Days to be Encashed.

Tax Treatment of Leave Encashment — Section 10(10AA)

Employee Category At Retirement / Separation During Service
Central / State GovernmentFully tax-free (no upper limit)Fully taxable
Private Sector (retirement)Tax-free up to ₹25,00,000 (revised April 2023)Fully taxable
Private Sector (resignation)Tax-free up to ₹25,00,000Fully taxable

The ₹25 lakh limit is a lifetime aggregate limit across all employers. If you have received tax-exempt leave encashment in a previous job, that amount must be deducted from the ₹25 lakh ceiling.

Tax-Free Limit Revised to ₹25 Lakh (April 2023)

Prior to April 1, 2023, the tax-free limit on leave encashment for private sector employees was ₹3 lakh — a limit that had been unchanged since 2002. The Union Budget 2023 revised this ceiling to ₹25,00,000, providing significant relief to retiring employees, especially senior executives whose leave encashment amounts can be substantial. The revision aligns the private sector ceiling closer to the unlimited exemption enjoyed by government employees.

Key Rules for Leave Encashment

  • Government employees — maximum 300 days: Central Government employees can encash a maximum of 300 days of Earned Leave at the time of retirement. Some state governments have different caps.
  • No mid-service encashment for Central Govt: Central Government employees cannot encash leave during service. Encashment is allowed only at retirement, on transfer (in some cases), or on death.
  • Private sector — company policy governs: For private employees, the maximum leave that can be encashed depends entirely on the employer's leave policy. Many companies cap it at the accumulated earned leave balance, often 30–45 days per year.
  • Earned Leave vs Privilege Leave: Both EL and PL are typically the types eligible for encashment. Sick leave and casual leave are generally not encashable.

Leave Encashment on Death of Employee

If an employee dies while in service, their legal heirs are entitled to receive the leave encashment amount for the unutilised leave balance. This amount is fully tax-free in the hands of the legal heirs, regardless of sector. There is no minimum service requirement for such payments, and the ₹25 lakh ceiling does not apply in case of death.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is leave encashment and how does it work?
Leave encashment is the process of receiving monetary compensation for unutilised earned leave or privilege leave that an employee has accumulated but not taken. When an employee leaves employment (through resignation, retirement, or superannuation) or in some cases during service, the employer pays an equivalent salary amount for the number of unused leave days. The amount is calculated using a per-day salary formula that differs between government and private sector employees.
What is the formula for leave encashment in India?
For government employees: Per Day Salary = (Basic + DA × 12) ÷ 300. The 300 represents 30 days multiplied by 10 months. For private sector employees: Per Day Salary = Monthly Salary ÷ 26, using 26 working days per month as the standard. The Leave Encashment Amount = Per Day Salary × Number of Leave Days to be Encashed. Private sector employees on resignation or retirement are exempt from tax on up to ₹25 lakh of the encashment amount.
What is the tax-free limit for leave encashment in India 2025?
Effective April 1, 2023, the tax-free limit for leave encashment for private sector employees was revised to ₹25,00,000 (₹25 lakh) under Section 10(10AA)(ii) of the Income Tax Act. Previously, this limit was only ₹3 lakh. Government employees continue to enjoy a full exemption with no upper limit under Section 10(10AA)(i). The ₹25 lakh is a lifetime limit — if you received tax-exempt leave encashment from a previous employer, that amount reduces your remaining exemption.
Is leave encashment during service taxable?
Yes, leave encashment received during active service is fully taxable for all employees — both government and private sector. The Section 10(10AA) exemption applies only when the encashment happens at the time of leaving employment (retirement, superannuation, resignation, or death). If your company allows you to encash leave while still employed, that payment will be added to your taxable income and taxed at your applicable slab rate for that year.
What is the maximum number of leave days that can be encashed?
For Central Government employees, the maximum leave that can be encashed at retirement is 300 days. For state government employees, the limit varies by state — many follow the Central Government's 300-day cap. For private sector employees, there is no statutory maximum; it depends entirely on the company's leave policy and the accumulated leave balance. Typically, private sector employees accumulate 15 to 30 earned leave days per year.
Can government employees encash leave during service?
Central Government employees are generally not permitted to encash leave during service. Leave encashment for Central Government employees is allowed only at the time of retirement, superannuation, or death while in service. However, some State Governments do allow mid-service leave encashment under specific conditions — for instance, on transfer or on the occasion of certain events. Any such encashment during service would be fully taxable regardless of being a government employee.
What is the difference between leave encashment at retirement vs. resignation?
For private sector employees, both retirement and resignation trigger the Section 10(10AA) tax exemption on leave encashment — up to ₹25 lakh. The key distinction is not how you leave, but that you are leaving employment. However, there is a practical difference: on retirement, you are entitled to encash the full accumulated balance (up to the company limit), whereas on resignation, some companies apply a shorter notice-period adjustment or cap the encashable days. Always check your employment contract and company policy for resignation-specific rules.
How is the per-day salary calculated for leave encashment?
The per-day salary is calculated differently for each sector. For government employees, it is the annual Basic + DA divided by 300 — because the government uses a 10-month base (30 days × 10). For private sector employees, it is the monthly gross/basic+DA salary divided by 26 working days. This means a government employee who earns ₹60,000/month in Basic+DA gets a per-day value of ₹2,400 (₹60,000 × 12 ÷ 300), while a private sector employee on ₹60,000 gets ₹2,307.69 (₹60,000 ÷ 26).